Forex Demo Account (Part I)

Thursday, August 20th, 2009

Almost every forex broker offers a free practice account to new clients. All you need to do is to sign up with any good forex broker. The best way for new traders to get a handle on what forex trading is all about is to open a practice account.

Practice accounts give you the great chance to experience the forex market. You can see how the price changes at different times of the day. Practice accounts are funded with virtual money. So you are able to make trades with no real money at stake and gain experience in how margin trading works.

You can trade your practice account with real market conditions without any fear of losing money. How various currency pairs may differ from each other? How the forex market reacts to new information when major news and economic data is released.

You will also learn using different market orders. How to manage an open position? Improve your understanding of how margin trading and leverage works and start analyzing charts and following technical indicators. You can experiment with different trading strategies and see how they work out in the real market conditions with any fear of losing your money.

Practice accounts are a great way to experience real forex markets. You can also test drive all the features and functionality of a brokers platform. However, one thing you will never be able to simulate on your practice account is the emotions involved in trading. Emotions will only come into play once you put your real money on the line.

You can trade the current price of the market using the click and deal feature of your brokers platform. You can also use market orders like the limit orders or the one cancels the other orders. There are many ways to pull the trigger in the forex market. Pulling the trigger means how to enter or exit a position.

Many traders like the idea of opening a position by trading at the market. Most prefer the certainty of knowing that they are in the market. They dont want to leave an order that may or may not get executed.

Just specify the amount that you want to trade. Click on the buy or sell button to execute the trade. The forex trading platform responds back within a second or two with a pop-up message either confirming or not confirming that the position was opened. Most forex brokers provide live streaming prices that you can deal on with a simple click of your computer mouse.

Attempts to trade at the market can sometimes fail in very fast moving markets when prices are adjusting quickly like after a data release or break of a key technical level or price point.

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Rollovers & Currency Trading

Wednesday, August 19th, 2009

Rollovers represent the intersection of interest rate markets and forex markets. When an open position from one value date or settlement date is rolled over to the next value date or settlement date, this is known as Rollover in currency trading. Rollovers are unique to the currency markets.

Remember that what you are trading is in fact the good old cash. Dont forget currency is money after all. Rollover rates depend on the difference between the interest rates of the two currencies in the pair that you are trading.

When you are long on a currency, it is like having a deposit in a bank account. If you are short, its like take a loan from the bank. Just as you would expect to earn interest on a bank deposit and pay interest on a loan, you should expect an interest gain or an interest expense on holding a currency position over time.

The difference between the interest rates between the two currencies is called the interest rate differential. Think of the open currency position as one currency with the positive balance (the currency you are long) and one with negative balance (the currency you are short).

You should look for the base or benchmark lending rates in each country. The interest rates of two different countries apply because your accounts are in two different currencies. You can find the benchmark lending interest rates of different countries from any good financial website like the Wall Street Journal, the Financial Times, CNBC etc.

The larger the impact from rollovers, the larger the interest rate differential! The smaller the impact of the rollovers, the narrower the interest rate differential! If you hold an open position past the settlement date or value date, rollovers are usually carried out by your forex broker.

Rollovers are applied to your open currency position by two offsetting trades that result in the same open position. Some online forex brokers apply the rollover rates by adjusting the average rate of your open position. Other forex brokers apply the rollover rates by applying the rollover credit or debit directly to your margin balance.

Day traders dont have to worry about rollovers. Rollovers do not apply for day traders who usually close their positions at the end of each trading day. Rollovers are not applied if you dont carry a position over the change in the value date. Rollovers only apply to your over night open position carried over to the next day. Rollovers are applied to open position after 5.00 PM EST change in value date.

If you are long the currency with the higher interest rate and short the currency with the lower interest rate, rollover can earn you interest income. If you are short the currency with the higher interest rate and long the currency with the low interest rates, rollovers will cost you money.

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A Few Trading Secrets

Tuesday, August 18th, 2009

Trading can be challenging. Trading is not investing. It is speculating. Speculating is defined as assuming business risk in the hope of making a profit from market fluctuations. Successful speculating requires analyzing different market situations, predicting outcomes, and putting your money on the side of the trade on which you think the market is going to go up or down.

Trading can also be the appreciation of the fact that you can be wrong 70 percent of the time and still be a successful trader if you apply the correct techniques for analyzing trades, managing your money and protecting your account.

Over time, opportunity keeps on shifting from one market to another. For example, right now forex and gold markets are really hot while stocks are down. Gold prices are going up. Those who entered the trend by investing at the right time and are going to ride the trend till it lasts will make a lot of money in the gold markets. At the moment almost everyone is running and buying gold as a hedge against turmoil in the global markets. Everyone includes countries, institutional investors, hedge funds and retail investors.

Last year in 2008, oil prices had reached almost $140 per barrel in a matter of few months. Many hedge funds had made a lot of money by investing in crude oil futures in the year 2008. Then the bubble burst and oil prices came tumbling down to almost close to $35 per barrel. This situation may continue for some months or some years but suddenly you will find that crude oil futures have become a great investment opportunity again. Right now oil prices are down due to the reduced demand in the global markets.

Oil prices will again go up in a few years time as the global economy recovers and demand for oil increases. In trading it is the timing that is of essence. Timing for entering the market and the timing for exiting the market!

Successful trading requires mastering a strategy that enables you to trade multiple markets and multiple time frames. A lot of people make the mistake of focusing only on one market. In reality all the markets are interlinked. If something happens in one market, you will find the repercussions in the other markets. Many people end up spending time on only one market.

Many traders get stuck up with one market. They do testing, development, put on a million indicators, go and trade live. But then what almost happens is that the market starts to go sideways or the opportunity shifts to another market. While they do everything they can while spending all kinds of time trying to figure out one market and one timeframe.

You really have to have the ability to be able to adopt the market conditions and not waste your time to really master one market which is critical. There were so many stocks just a few years ago that were incredible to trade that either dont exist anymore or would not trade successfully today.

Mastering different markets is counterintuitive. Many gurus will teach you that you really need to learn the ins and outs of one market. They will tell you to focus only on one market and then stick with it. But the problem with that philosophy is that opportunity keeps on shifting from one market to another. A good trader always follows where the money goes.

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What Are Market Orders? (Part III)

Monday, August 17th, 2009

In forex trading, stop loss execution policy is somewhat different than in equity trading. If the broker bid price reaches your stop loss order rate, stop loss orders to sell are triggered. Suppose, your stop loss order to sell is 1.2540! The brokers lowest price quote is 1.2540/1.2543. Your stop loss order will be executed. Almost the same goes for buy orders.

Most of the forex brokers will never guarantee stop losses around the release of economic reports. The benefit of this practice is that some brokers will guarantee against slippage on your stop loss order under normal trading conditions. The downside of this is that your stop loss order will be executed earlier. So you will have to add in extra cushion when placing them on your forex trading platform.

One-Cancels-the-Other Orders: A one cancels the other order is usually abbreviated as OCO order. A one cancels the other order is a stop loss order paired with a take profit order. Until one of the order levels is reached by the market and closes your position, your position stays open. An OCO order is the ultimate insurance policy for any open position! When one order level is reached and triggered, the other order is automatically cancelled.

OCO orders are highly recommended for every open position. Lets make it clear with an example. Suppose you are short USD/JPY at 120.00. You think that if it goes up beyond 120.00, its going to keep going higher. Thats where you decide to put your stop loss buying order.

At the same time, you believe that USD/JPY has downside potential to 118.50. So you set your take profit buying order at 118.50. You now have two orders bracketing the market. Your risk is clearly defined. As long as the market trades between 120.00 and 118.50, your position remains open. If 118.50 is reached first, your take profit order is triggered and you buy back at a profit. However, if 120.00 is hit first, your position is stopped out at a loss.

Contingent Orders: Contingent orders are also referred to as if/then orders. They are sometimes also called If done/then orders. If/then orders require the If order to be done first. Only then the second part of the order becomes active. A contingent order is an order where you combine several types of market orders to create a complete forex trading strategy.

If the trading platform offer rate reaches your buy rate that means your limit order is only executed. Similarly, a limit order is only executed if the trading platform bid price reaches your sell rate. Your order is only filled based on the price spread of the trading platform. This is the key feature of most forex broker order policies.

Lets make it clear with an example. Suppose you have a buy order to sell EUR/USD at 1.2855. Your forex broker spread on EUR/USD pair is 3 pips. Your buy order will only be filled if the trading platform price is 1.2852/1.2855. If the lowest price is 1.2853/1.2856, the limit order will not be filled as the brokers lowest rate of 1.2856 does not match your buy rate of 1.2855. The same thing happens with limit orders to sell.

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Types of Market Orders (Part I)

Saturday, August 15th, 2009

Just to remind you that forex markets are open 24 hours a day, five days a week. A market move is just likely to happen while you are asleep or in the shower as while you are sitting in front of your computer screen. Currency traders use market orders to catch market movements when they are not in front of their screens.

Market orders are very critical to your trading success. Think of the different types of market orders as trades waiting to happen. If you enter an order and the subsequent price action triggers its execution, you are in the market so be as careful as possible while playing with the market orders. Trading can be very difficult without these market orders.

Experienced currency traders routinely use orders to implement a trade strategy from entry to exit, capture sharp short term price fluctuations, limit risk in volatile or uncertain markets and preserve trading capital from unwanted loss. Market orders are essential for maintaining trading discipline.

Forex markets can be notoriously volatile and difficult to predict. While limiting the impact of any adverse price movements, using market orders can help you capitalize on short term price movements.

You probably dont have a well thought out trading plan if you dont use market orders. A disciplined use of market orders will help you quantify the risk that you are taking while there is no guarantee that the use of market orders will limit your losses and protect your profits in all market conditions. It will also give you the peace of mind in trading.

Different types of market orders are available in currency markets to forex traders. When you open an account with a forex broker, you should add the market orders to the list of questions you need to ask the broker because you should know that not all market orders are available at all online forex brokers.

Take Profit Orders: An old market saying, You cant go broke taking profits. Use the take profit order to lock in profits when you have an open position in the market. Suppose you are short EUR/USD at 1.2354. Your take profit order will be to buy back the position and be place somewhere below 1.2334 making a profit of 20 pips. If you are long GBP/USD at 1.8845, your take profit order will be to sell the position somewhere higher close to 1.8875.

Limit Orders: Dont forget the saying, Buy low and sell high. A limit order is any market order that triggers a trade at more favorable levels than the current market price. The limit order must be placed somewhere above the current market price if the limit order is to sell. The limit order must be entered somewhere below the current market price if the order is to sell.

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How About Currency Trading? (Part II)

Friday, August 14th, 2009

Crosses enable currency traders to directly target trades to specific individual currencies to take advantage of news or events. The most active traded crosses focus on the three non USD currencies (EUR, JPY, GBP) and are known as the euro crosses, yen crosses and the sterling crosses. The most actively traded cross currency pairs are: EUR/CHF, EUR/GBP, EUR/JPY, GBP/JPY, AUD/JPY and NZD/JPY.

For a new traded there are some surprises in currency trading. You may notice that the currencies are combined in a seemingly strange way when you look up at the currency pairs. For example, if euro-yen (EUR/JPY) is a euro-yen cross, why it is not being also referred to as yen-euro (JPY/EUR)? The answer is these conventions have been designed to reflect traditionally strong currencies versus traditionally weak currencies with the strong currency coming first. Those quoting conventions were evolved over the years.

The first currency in the currency pair is known as the base currency. For example in USD/EUR, USD is the base currency. It is the base currency that you are buying or selling when you buy or sell a currency pair. The second currency in the pair is known as the counter currency. In the above currency pair, Euro is the counter or secondary currency. So if you buy 100,000 EUR/JPY. You have just bought 100,000 Euros and sold the equivalent amount in Japanese Yen.

Therefore you can say currency trading involves simultaneously buying and selling. Going long in currency trading means having bought a currency pair! When you are long, you are looking for the prices to go higher. You want to sell at a higher price from that where you bought. It will make you a profit. If you are long and the price goes down, you will make a capital loss.

Going short in currency trading means selling a currency pair! It means that you have sold the currency pair, meaning you have sold the base currency and bought the counter currency. When you anticipate the price of a currency pair going down, you go short in anticipation of the price going further down. This will make you a capital gain later when you exit your position. In currency trading going short is as common as going long. Unlike stock trading where you had to observe the up tick rule before you could go short. In currency trading there is no such rule.

Selling high and buying low is the standard currency trading strategy. Having no position in the market is known as being square or flat. If you have an open position and you want to close it, its called squaring up. If you are short, you need to buy to square up. If you are long, you need to sell to go flat.

When you open an online currency trading account, you will need to pony up cash as collateral to support the margin requirements established by your broker. A clear understanding of how P&L works is especially critical to online margin trading. Profit and Loss is how traders measure success and failure.

Profit and Loss calculations are pretty straight forward. They are based on position size and the number of pips you make or lose. A pip is the smallest increment of price fluctuation in currency pairs. Most of the currency pairs are quoted up to four decimal places except those involving JPY; they are only quoted up to 2 decimal places. Suppose GBP/USD quote is 1.2963. If the price moves from 1.2963 to 1.2983, it has gone up by 20 pips (1.2983-1.2963). Pip is the increase or decrease in the fourth decimal digit. Pips are also referred to as points.

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Forex Accounts

Thursday, August 13th, 2009

Good money management is the essential key that many currency traders miss. Many traders ignore adapting good money management rules at their own peril. As a consequence, they get their account blown in a few weeks of trading. You need to become a disciplined trader. Trading discipline means developing a trading system based on money management rules that limit your risk and avoid making trading decisions based on emotions. In the end, every trader has to develop his/her own insights and systems.

Without sufficient capital in your account, you wont be able to make meaningful capital gains. One of the worst blunders that forex traders can make is to trade without sufficient capital. Low capital increases your chances of getting blown out too soon. This does not mean that you should have a lot of capital before you start trading. You need to have sufficient capital in your account in order to take advantage of the movements in the currency markets. Low capital will never give you that opportunity.

A trader with limited capital is always a worried traders always looking to minimize losses beyond the point of realistic trading. The minimum amount required to open a standard account with most forex brokers is $2000. You can start with $2000 but it is recommended by most of the professional traders that you should start with $5000-$10,000 to get good results.

A standard account or a regular account lets you trade a $100,000 standard lot with a $1000 deposit. This account is often also called 100k account. The broker is giving you an interest free loan of $100,000. This $1000 is kept as the margin or guarantee by the broker. This is a 1% margin. Your account should have more than $1000 if you want to trade.

When you open an account with the broker, you must determine what the default margin is. You can change the account margin to whatever you feel comfortable with. If you start with a 2% margin, then it will cost you $2000 to trade one standard lot.

Many brokers offer huge leverage to the new trades. This is done to entice them to trade more. You can get a leverage of up to 400% by some brokers. Using 400% leverage means trading $400,000 with a $1000 deposit. With a small deposit you are controlling a huge amount. Be careful! You will get wiped out in a moment. Dont use more than 4% leverage while trading in the start. Too much leverage is dangerous for you.

Its not that leverage is bad. It is a double edged sword that cuts both ways. It increases your profit but at the same time wipes you out in case of a slight miscalculation on your part. Its just that you need to understand and learn how to use it. You can only do so with practice. With practice and more experience, you can increase the level of leverage in your trading.

The mini account was developed to accommodate investors who were looking for diversification of their stocks portfolios. You can open a mini account with a deposit of $300. This small dollar requirement allows many investors to participate in the forex markets who were previously unable to do so.

One lot on a mini account means $10,000. On a mini account, you have a different lot size as compared to the standard account. You only need $50 to control a mini lot of $10,000. This is a leverage of 200%. Pip size on a mini account is also small as compared to the standard account. A pip size on the mini account is equal to $1 instead of $10 as on a standard lot.

If you lose 100 pips on a mini account, it means losing only $100 as compared to losing $1000 on a standard lot. You can say a mini account reduces your risk by 10%. But it also reduces the amount of profit that you can make. Start with at least $500 on a mini account. A mini account is a great way for beginners to practice forex trading. Once you develop the feel of how the currency markets work, you will have to open a standard account. It is on the standard account that you can make good money.

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Learning Currency Trading (Part I)

Thursday, August 13th, 2009

Currency Market is the most traded financial markets in the world. We like to think of the currency market as the, Big Kahuna of the financial markets. The currency market is the crossroads for international capital, the intersection through which the global commercial and investment flows have to move.

Currency market is open around the clock six days a week, enabling currency traders to act on news and events as they happen. More than anything else, the currency market is the traders market. Its a market where a billion dollar of trades can be executed in a matter of seconds. Huge currency transactions may not even move the prices noticeably.

While commercial and financial transactions in the currency markets represent huge nominal sums, they still pale in comparison to the amount spend on speculation. By far the vast majority of currency trading volume is based on speculation.

Commercial or investment based currency trades account for less than 10% of the daily global volume. Estimates are that upwards of 90% of the daily trading volume is derived from speculation. The depth and breadth of the speculative market means that the liquidity of the overall currency market is unparalleled among global financial markets. This high liquidity in the currency market is boon for the traders. They can enter or exit a trade anytime of the day.

Currency trading has its own set of trading lingo just like any financial market. If you are new to currency trading, the mechanics and terminology may take some getting used to. The biggest mental hurdle facing newcomers to currency trading especially those traders coming from other markets are getting there head around the idea that each currency trade consists of a simultaneous sale and purchase.

For example, in the stock market, you own only 100 shares and want to see the price go up if you purchase 100 shares of Google (GOOG). You simply sell your 100 shares when you want to exit. But in currencies, the purchase of one currency involves the simultaneous sale of another currency.

This is the exchange in the foreign exchange. So currencies come in pairs. To make matters easier, currency markets refer to trading currencies by pairs. All most all currency pairs have nicknames or abbreviations. The major currency pairs all involve the US Dollar on one side of the deal.

The most frequently traded currency pairs are: EUR/USD, USD/CAD, UAD/USD, USD/JPY, GBP/USD, USD/CHF and NZD/USD. The designation of each currency is expressed using ISO codes for each currency.

A cross currency pair or a cross is any currency pair that does not include the US Dollar. Cross pairs serve as the alternative to always trading the US Dollar. Although the vast majority of currency trading takes place in the dollar pairs but still there are some important crosses that get traded frequently. Cross rates are derived from the respective USD pairs but are quoted independently.

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Candlestick Patterns Explained (Part III)

Wednesday, August 12th, 2009

Hanging Man & the Hammer: It is considered a hanging man if it appears at the top of the uptrend! You are looking at a hammer if you see this pattern at the bottom of a downtrend. The hammer or the hanging man is identified by the small candle that appears at the very top of the pattern and there is usually a pretty long wick at the bottom.

If you think you have a hanging man appearing in an uptrend, you wouldnt trade on it unless it is confirmed the next day with an opening price lower than the previous close. Similarly, if a hammer appears in a downtrend, you wouldnt trade on it if the opening price on the next trading day is higher than the hammers close.

Compared to single stick patterns, double stick patterns are difficult to come by. But these patterns can be very powerful and profitable if you put in the time and effort to monitor them. Double stick patterns depend on two days. The first day is called the set up day and the second day is called the signal day.

Engulfing Pattern: Engulfing candlestick pattern can be bullish or bearish! The name comes from the fact that the signal day engulfs the pattern day. Both the wick and the body of the second day completely cover the same ground as the first day. The first double candlestick pattern is the bullish engulfing pattern. The setup day candle should be bearish. The signal day candle should be bullish bigger than the last day bearish candle. Likewise the bearish engulfing pattern signals the end of an uptrend.

Harami: A Harami is a two day candlestick pattern with the candle of the setup day longer than the candle of the signal day. Harami pattern can also be bullish or bearish. The first day is very bearish and occurring in a downtrend in case of a bullish Harami. However, on the second day bulls take over. This signals reversals of a downtrend that culminated in a downtrend. Likewise, a bearish Harami signals end of an uptrend.

Bullish Harami Cross: Bullish Harami Cross is a special variant of the Harami. It involves a Doji pattern and should always be considered an indicator of the potential reversal. Bullish Harami Cross appears during a downtrend. Its setup date is a black long candle. Its signal day is a Doji.

Bullish Inverted Hammer: This pattern occurs in a downtrend. The first day is a bearish candle. The signal day is an inverted hammer. The bullish inverted hammer is a fairly rare pattern.

Doji Star: A Doji Star candlestick pattern can be bullish or bearish. The bullish doji star is very similar to a bullish inverted hammer. It occurs in a downtrend. It signals that the bulls have had enough. A bullish doji pattern is a two day pattern. The doji appearing on the signal day during a downtrend! Likewise, a bearish doji star indicates end of an uptrend.

Meeting Line: This pattern is another signal that a trend reversal is about to take place. In case of a bullish meeting line, the setup day is a long black candle and the signal day is a long white candle.

Bullish Piercing Line: The bullish piercing line consists of a long black candle on the setup day followed by a long white candle on the signal day. The open of the signal day should be lower than the low of the setup day.

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Candlestick Patterns Explained (Part II)

Tuesday, August 11th, 2009

The Bearish Gravestone Doji: Dojis appear very rarely in the candlestick patterns. A Doji is created when the opening and closing prices of the day are the same. It is very rare for the opening and closing prices for the day to exactly equal each other. However, the Gravestone Doji is formed when the opening and closing prices of the day are equal to the low of the day, the most bearish of Doji.

Some extremely useful single stick patterns rely heavily on their location on a chart. Not all single stick patterns are straightforward. Some single stick patterns that have been discussed earlier were most basic and easy to identify.

A variety of single stick patterns can provide some terrific trading opportunities if you can spot them in the right market environment. Making yourself familiar with these candlestick patterns and how to identify and trade based on them is another way that you can add a versatile weapon to your trading arsenal.

We have talked about Dojis. Dojis are often associated with the reversal of the trend and can serve as outstanding reversal indicators. If a Doji appears in an uptrend, it could very well indicate that the trend maybe changing to a downtrend soon especially if it is a Gravestone Doji. Similarly for a downtrend!

The Long Legged Doji: A long legged Doji like the name long legged implies features a small stick. It has very long wicks or legs whatever you call them on either side. The small candle on a long legged Doji is normally located very close to the center of the candlestick.

When appearing in an uptrend or a downtrend, a long legged Doji is considered a reversal signal. The long legged Doji indicates that there was a lot of uncertainty in the market after a period of directional certainty and this change of conviction often results in the change of trend.

The Spinning Top: A spinning top is formed when a candlestick has a small body. It has wicks stick out on both ends. The wicks should also be as wide as the candle section of the candlestick. The body of the candlestick should appear to the center of the range of the days price action.

Like Doji, the spinning top is another pattern that depends on the market context and reveals a tight battle between the bulls and the bears. Whenever, there is a close battle between the bulls and the bears, eventually one side have to give in. When this happens, an explosive move in one direction is possible.

However, like Dojis, the spinning tops are nice indicators that the trend is about to end and reverse itself. The spinning tops make frequent appearances. Dojis appear very rarely.

Belt Holds: There are two types of belt holds: bullish belt hold and bearish belt hold pattern. Bullish belt hold pattern features an open equal to the low and a close near the high which leaves a small wick near the top of the candle.

Bearish belt holds on the other hand opens on their highs and close near their lows, thus leaving a small wick near the bottom of the candle. Belt holds also depend on market context and are excellent trend reversal signals.

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